The “cervix” (cervix, cervix), which is the “cervix” organ of the female reproductive organs, is the region where the uterus and vagina meet and contains the lowest part of the uterus. When viewed from the vagina, it has the shape of a hemisphere at the end of the vagina. The intrauterine cavity opens to the vagina through the central canal (cervical canal). Menstrual blood is also expelled from this cavity.

Cervical Cancer (Cervix)
Invasive cervical cancer, that is, cervical cancer; in terms of incidence, it held the first place among all female genital cancers until the 1990s. Dec. According to these rates, although today it has declined to the second or even third place, nevertheless, on average, 450 to 500 thousand women are diagnosed with cervical cancer every year. Even if the treatments are carried out, 200 to 250 thousand women lose their lives due to this disease. Cervical cancer; It has been identified as the second most common type of cancer in women after breast cancer, which causes the death of a woman every 2 minutes around the world and in studies conducted by scientists in different countries. Cervical cancer, cervical cancer, or cervical cancer is the most malignant cancer of the cervix (cervical area).

Vaginal bleeding may be the first symptom, but there is also a condition of not showing symptoms of this type of cancer until it has progressed well. Its treatment, on the other hand, is surgery in the initial stages, chemotherapy and radiotherapy in the advanced stages. Cervical cancer is the most common sexually transmitted disease. The most common ages are between 45 and 59 Dec. However, it can also be seen in a wide range of age Deciles, such as between the ages of 20 and 80. In Turkey, on the other hand, it is most common between the ages of 35 and 58 Dec. This virus is most often contracted within a few years after the first sexual intercourse. Most women can completely eliminate the HPV virus from the body within 12 to 24 months immediately after intercourse. But in some women, this virus is not excreted from the body. A virus that cannot be excreted causes a risk of cervical cancer in the following years.
What is the cervix and where is it located?
Cervix is the other name for the cervix. It is the area where the uterus opens into the vagina. It’s a really strong Novella. It is normally tightly closed in a dense way, but during childbirth it opens to allow the baby to get out.

Cervical cells
Except for the cervix, there is a layer of skin-type cells on its surface. Cancers in these cells are usually called squamous cell cervical cancer. In the inner part of the cervix, glandular cells are located. Glandular cells, on the other hand, produce mucus. The cancer of these cells is defined as adenocarcinoma of the cervix. The area where cervical cells are more likely to become cancerous is called the transformation zone. This sector is the area around the cervical opening, which is a narrow passage that leads to the uterus.

Lymph nodes
There are lymph nodes around the uterus and cervix. almost the largest group of lymph nodes is located in the groin (on each of your thighs). Lymph nodes are an integral part of the lymphatic system. Tissue fluid that washes out the cancerous area is discharged to the nearest lymph nodes. When you have cancer surgery, the surgeon usually takes some of the lymph nodes and sends them to the laboratory to be examined for any cancerous cells that have separated from the tumor.

What are the Precursor Cells of Cancer?
These abnormal cells are cells that have the potential to become cancerous in a structure that is privileged from normal cells. For this reason, they are called cancer precursor cells. However, it may regress and return to normal. Cervical cancer precursor cells do not mean that you have cancer. We often call cancer precursor cell clusters lesions, and they are graded from mild to severe according to the stage of development. Your doctor may refer to the lesions as Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CiN) and grade them correctly from mild (CiN1) to severe (CiN3).

Summary of the CiN scale:

CiN1: In more than half of the women with this result, treatment will not be needed, as the abnormal cells disappear spontaneously over time.
CiN2: Abnormal cells classified as CiN2 are more likely to progress. For this reason, the risk of developing cervical cancer will be reduced by eliminating abnormal cells.
CiN3: It is possible for these abnormal cells classified as CiN3 to progress. Treatment is recommended for all women with this result. Thus, the abnormal sector can be eliminated to reduce the chances of cervical cancer growth.
Treatment of Lesions that are precursors of cancer; If your doctor determines that you have abnormal lesions and need additional October treatment, there are many treatment methods available for this condition. Most of the applied treatments are applied in the practice or in the hospital, in the women’s maternity outpatient clinic. These treatment methods will not cause you pain, as local anesthesia will be used if necessary.

Cryotherapy: In this method, a small mineral plate is cooled to freezing degrees and then placed in the area where the abnormal cells are located and the abnormal cells are destroyed.

LEEP (Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure) is still the most widely used practical treatment method and a heated thin wire ring is used to destroy abnormal cells.

Conization: A cone-shaped piece of tissue is removed from the cervix to destroy abnormal cells.

Laser therapy: Laser is used to burn and lose abnormal cells. In order to determine the maximum treatment, you should listen to the opinions of your doctors and discuss the options.

Different Types of Cervical Cancer
Depending on the type of cancer, your doctor may use various terms to describe your condition, including invasive cancers such as adenocarcinoma and flat epithelial cell carcinoma. Adenocarcinoma is a relatively aggressive type of cervical cancer that is difficult to detect and rarer. Most women who undergo a Pap smear test at regular intervals and follow the possible treatments will be sure that they have good protection against cervical cancer, mainly caused by HPV type December 18 and type 16. Instead of forming on the outer surface of the cervix, adenocarcinomas usually form on the inner surface of the cervix. PAP tests use cell samples on the outer surface of the cervix. For this reason, when adenocarcinoma is diagnosed, there is a potential for cancer to be at a more advanced stage. Especially in young women, more adenocarcinomas are formed with types of HPV that cause cancer, such as 16, 18, 45 and 31.

How Is Cervical Cancer Diagnosed?
Cervical cancer first manifests itself with abnormal bleeding. These hemorrhages occur in the form of irregular bleeding between two periods, especially in women of childbearing age. Dec. If it is after menopause, it manifests itself in the form of bleeding that occurs at any time. One of the important complaints of the disease is ‘postcoital? as is known, these are the bleeding seen after sexual contact. Bleeding that occurs outside of normal menstrual periods should always be investigated. In some patients, this discomfort may also manifest itself in the form of foul-smelling currents, and these currents may be mixed with blood. Pain, on the other hand, is a complaint that occurs later in cervical cancer and is not seen at an early stage. As with any type of cancer, early diagnosis of cervical cancer is a very important thing for treatment. The most important reason for early diagnosis is that the patient is restored to health very quickly.

Symptoms of Cervical Cancer?
The symptoms of cervical cancer are not overly pronounced, and there are no signs of changes in the cancer precursor of the cervix. In this case, only as the disease progresses, abnormal bleeding (Decapitation, post-contact, post-menopausal bleeding, etc.), painful contact, increased discharge or groin pain may occur. It is important to go to a regular doctor’s check-up without waiting for these findings. every woman who is sexually active from the age of 21 should be examined once a year and have a papsmear. If the papsmear test is abnormal or suspicious, it may be necessary to examine the cervix with a kind of magnifying glass called a colposcopy and take a biopsy. If a cancer precursor change is detected as a result of a biopsy, this tissue can be removed using a technique called LEEP, as well as this area can be eliminated by applying cryotherapy or laser therapy.

Symptoms that may suggest cervical (Cervical) cancer
In the first initial stages of cervical cancer, there are usually no signs and symptoms.

In general, in most cases, the signs and symptoms appear gradually after the cancer has spread.

In addition to monthly menstruation, abnormal discharge from the vagina, especially colored and bloody discharge, can be a sign of cervical cancer.

Bleeding after sexual contact (postcoital bleeding) is a common symptom, and pain during sexual intercourse can also be a sign of cervical cancer.

Is Cervical Cancer (Cervix) Contagious?
The most serious risk factor named in cervical cancer, which has recently increased frequently and threatens women, is HPV. % of patients.this virus was detected on the 7th. HPV is the most common sexually transmitted virus worldwide. According to recent research, it is also becoming extremely widespread in our country. There is a high rate of infection after association with someone who has warts in the genital area. Although cervical cancer is not directly contagious, this virus that causes cancer has an intensely contagious characteristic.