The main goal with scar treatment is to eliminate skin integrity disorder for any reason, such as trauma or surgery. A wound occurs when the integrity of the skin is impaired for any reason, such as trauma or surgery.

The resulting wound can be closed with the help of sutures i, as well as closed spontaneously with dressings, or it can be closed by transferring tissue to the wound area using different methods I.

No matter for what reason, no matter by what method the wound is closed, a repair process begins in the repair area. It takes 1-2 years for the scar to get its final form; over time, the scar turns into a skin color, the stiffness felt at the beginning softens and comes with ha more regularly, but a scar may definitely remain, good or bad.

For this reason, when a scar forms, it should be known that the scar will change over time and patience should be exercised. During the waiting period of wounds, there are benefits in being under the control of a plastic surgeon. Correction of scars is a very important issue in plastic surgery; many different methods can be used to give a more aesthetic appearance.

As explained below, many factors besides the plastic surgeon play a role in the formation and treatment of a scar.

Problems With Scarring
The color of the scar may be different from the color of the surrounding intact skin
While the wound site was initially a thin line, the scar can expand over time
The scar along the incision line and the suture marks around it may remain prominent
The wound area may be puffy from the floor, more pink purple in color, hard, itchy, even painful
Initially, while it is a small scar, it can blister and progress to the surrounding tissue within a month.
It can disrupt the natural contours in areas such as lips, nose wing, ear, eyelid, arm, palm, and restrict joint movements
Factors That Play a Role in the Formation of a Scar
Mechanism of Injury

It is very important how much trauma the cells are subjected to when the wound is formed. During the incision made by a surgeon using a Scalpel on the skin for the purpose of surgery, the cells are minimally affected; wound healing occurs under more ideal conditions.

On the other hand, since high-energy, tissues are crushed and destroyed uncontrollably, such as a traffic accident or a firearm injury, more inflammatory reactions and connective tissue are formed during the healing phase of a wound.

A wound formed in the form of a cut and a wound formed in the form of crushing, tearing, peeling do not leave traces in the same way.

The Nature, Location and Direction of the Wound
It was formed in clean conditions, it only affects the skin tissue, the cutting tool wound and the dust is left in the soil, crushed, it leaves different scars that affect the subcutaneous tissues as well as the skin. Jul. Blood circulation and tissue healing are much more difficult in people with tissue crushing or tissue loss in large areas.

Wounds do not heal in the same way in all parts of the human body. A wound on the thin and loose skin of the eyelid does not have a pronounced scar, while scars tend to be more pronounced in some areas, such as the front wall of the chest, neck, shoulder.

The face and torso also directly affect the result of the way the wound is located. For example, a horizontal incision in the forehead area parallel to the forehead wrinkles attracts less attention, while a vertical incision attracts more attention. When the Plastic surgeon makes an incision, they know which area of the body to make the incision in which direction and plan the incision according to him. On the other hand, injuries that occur in random directions after injury carry the risk of leaving more scars. Changing the direction of scars is one of the best effective methods used so far in the treatment of scars.

Sewing Materials
Suture materials should be used with the lowest potential to cause any infection and inflammatory reactions in the body.

It’s Time For The Stitches To Be Removed
If the stitches placed on the skin are left for more than 5 to 7 days in total, the stitch marks on both sides of the incision mark can also be permanent. The wound should be supported with the help of stitches and tapes placed under the skin, and the stitches should not be left for more than 5 to 7 days in areas such as the face that are aesthetically and plastically important.

Concomitant Infection
If there is inflammation in the places where there is an injury, there may be more tissue reactions, more connective tissue synthesis, and therefore more scars.

The Patient’s Age
Usually children’s connective tissue cells are more active, the skin is more stretched, and wounds tend to leave more scars. But for the elderly, the opposite is the case.

The General Health Status of the Person
Wound healing problems are more common in people accompanied by chronic diseases such as some collagen tissue diseases ( cancer, radiation therapy, diabetes, nutritional deficiency, kidney failure), where there is no environment necessary for normal wound healing.

Cigarette

Smoking reduces blood circulation in the veins in the wound area and negatively affects the healing of wounds.

Environmental Factors

Sunlight and other ultraviolet and ultraviolet sources cause an increase in pigmentation and color change in the wound area. During the wound healing process, sun protection is very important during the first month with the property. The wound site should also be protected from the sun with worn clothes and high-factor sunscreens.

There are many factors that we cannot mention here that affect wound healing and the nature of the scar that will form. For this reason, when a bad scar is encountered, its causes should be well thought out and not only the doctor or the material used should be held responsible.

What Should Be Taken into Account in Fresh Scars?
With priority, it should be kept in mind that the healing process of wounds (surgery scars, cuts, burns, skin injuries, etc.) takes 1-2 years and one should be patient.

It should be remembered that the wound that forms attracts more attention due to its pink, red, purple color in the early days, and it will attract less attention as the color fades over time. It should be acted in accordance with the recommendations of the aesthetic and plastic surgeon.

Sun Protection: Ultraviolet rays in the sun’s rays or solarium devices can stimulate the pigment cells at the wound site and cause the wound site to turn darker than usual.

With this feature, the wound site should be protected from the sun for the first 2-3 months following the formation of the wound. Clothing or tapes can be used for this purpose. Sunscreen with a protection factor of 50 should be applied several times a day in the summer, especially to the area exposed to sunlight.

Tapes: It is stated that medical tapes on scars that are not obvious, that have healed, have a positive contribution to wound healing when applied for 3 to 6 weeks.

Ointments: Many creams with silicone or herbal ingredients are used to control the repair process at the wound site and reduce redness. The method and duration of application are determined by the doctor according to the nature of the wound.

Silicone Gel Layer: Silicone layer with a thickness of one or two mm can be applied on the wound. There may be irritation on the skin due to continuous application, it is necessary to take a break from time to time Dec.

Massage: Massage performed on the wound with the hand contributes to the softening and better remodeling of the connective tissue formed in that area.

Pressure Therapy: It is useful to apply a certain pressure to the wound by using tubular bandages or special clothes to wound sites such as deep burns that tend to blister from the surface with the feature.

Scar Treatment Options
Doing nothing at all: the complete destruction of a scar and giving it an appearance as if it had not been injured has not yet been found. Sometimes we can make scars worse when we want to fix them. For this reason, it is very important not to do everything that is recommended, but to listen to the recommendations of experienced aesthetic and plastic surgeons.

Complete removal and re-stitching of the scar: The scar can be completely removed from the intact edges and re-stitched using more appropriate surgical techniques and suturing materials.

Removing the scar and stitching it in a zigzag shape: this is a frequently used method to change the direction of the wound and bring it with ha, which will attract less attention.

Expanding tissue using the balloon method: A tissue expander balloon can be surgically inserted under the intact skin next to the wound. The tissue is hollow before the expander. Within weeks, the balloon can be inflated by injecting salt water into it. Along with the inflating balloon, the skin on it also begins to expand. After a month or two, when sufficient tissue expansion is achieved, the injured area can be removed with a second operation, and the enlarged normal skin next to it can be shifted to this area and cut.

Laser applications: It can be used to remove the redness in the wound, as well as it can be used to sand the irregularities on the wound in the late period.

Sanding and closure with a thin skin patch: It is a method used to treat scars where color differences are at the forefront, such as burn scars that cover a wide area, scars caused by self-razoring. First, the skin is sanded on, and then the thin skin taken from the thigh can be transferred to these areas to obtain a surface that is more compatible with normal tissue.